"One explanation for this would be ACC officials protecting traditionally strong football programs while penalizing the more recently successful more. Supporting this notion, there is evidence of ACC officiating favoritism towards teams that have been in the league longest (founded in 1953) and more frequently flagging teams that are newer to the conference: Georgia Tech (1978), Florida State (1991), University of Miami (2004), Virginia Tech (2004), and Boston College (2005)."
"Our findings support the inference that referees from the ACC in particular officiate in-conference games differently than referees in other major conference alliances. Table 1 shows an analysis of the Noll-Scully measure of parity [42], with the ACC showing the greatest parity in five of the eight sample years. Particularly given the betting line bias of the ACC in- conference, there is reason to believe that the ACC handicaps its stronger teams despite the financial incentives to do the opposite. Why does the ACC engage in this behavior and have these biases among officials? One possible explanation is the reputation of the ACC as a basketball conference with its four founding member North Carolina institutions (Duke, UNC, Wake Forest, and NC State) yielding the most political influence; internal ACC power may be threatened by non-founding schools with strong football that drive much of its revenue. The demise of the Big East, a league better known for their powerful basketball programs more so than their football programs, serves as a cautionary tale."